03 Internet Protocol Suite

• 0.1. 网络拓扑和数据流
• 0.2. 各层协议
  • 0.2.1. 应用层
  • 0.2.2. 传输层
  • 0.2.3. 网络层
  • 0.2.4. 链路层

0.1. 网络拓扑和数据流

数据流的定义是在一个简单的网络拓扑中的两台主机（A和B）通过各自路由之间的链路相连。每个主机上的应用程序都执行读取和写入操作，就好像这些进程通过某种数据管道直接相互连接。建立此管道后，由于底层的通信原理是在较低的协议层中实现的，因此每个进程都将隐藏大多数通信细节。

以此类推：

• 在传输层，通信表现为主机到主机，而无需了解应用程序数据结构和连接的路由器
• 在网络层，则在每个路由器处遍历各个网络边界

通过RFC 1122中对各层的描述来封装应用程序数据并向下传输。

0.2. 各层协议

0.2.1. 应用层

• 9P, Plan 9 from Bell Labs distributed file system protocol
• AFP, Apple Filing Protocol
• APPC, Advanced Program-to-Program Communication
• AMQP, Advanced Message Queuing Protocol
• Atom Publishing Protocol
• BEEP, Block Extensible Exchange Protocol
• Bitcoin
• BitTorrent
• CFDP, Coherent File Distribution Protocol
• CoAP, Constrained Application Protocol
• DDS, Data Distribution Service
• DeviceNet
• eDonkey
• ENRP, Endpoint Handlespace Redundancy Protocol
• FastTrack (KaZaa, Grokster, iMesh)
• Finger, User Information Protocol
• Freenet
• FTAM, File Transfer Access and Management
• Gopher, Gopher protocol
• HL7, Health Level Seven
• HTTP, Hypertext Transfer Protocol
• H.323, Packet-Based Multimedia Communications System
• IMAP, Internet Message Access Protocol
• IRC, Internet Relay Chat
• IPFS, InterPlanetary File System
• Kademlia
• LDAP, Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
• LPD, Line Printer Daemon Protocol
• MIME (S-MIME), Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions and Secure MIME
• Modbus
• MQTT Protocol
• Netconf
• NFS, Network File System
• NIS, Network Information Service
• NNTP, Network News Transfer Protocol
• NTCIP, National Transportation Communications for Intelligent Transportation System Protocol
• NTP, Network Time Protocol
• OSCAR, AOL Instant Messenger Protocol
• POP, Post Office Protocol
• PNRP, Peer Name Resolution Protocol
• RDP, Remote Desktop Protocol
• RELP, Reliable Event Logging Protocol
• RFP, Remote Framebuffer Protocol
• Rlogin, Remote Login in UNIX Systems
• RPC, Remote Procedure Call
• RTMP, Real Time Messaging Protocol
• RTP, Real-time Transport Protocol
• RTPS, Real Time Publish Subscribe
• RTSP, Real Time Streaming Protocol
• SAP, Session Announcement Protocol
• SDP, Session Description Protocol
• SIP, Session Initiation Protocol
• SLP, Service Location Protocol
• SMB, Server Message Block
• SMTP, Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
• SNTP, Simple Network Time Protocol
• SSH, Secure Shell
• SSMS, Secure SMS Messaging Protocol
• TCAP, Transaction Capabilities Application Part
• TDS, Tabular Data Stream
• Tor (anonymity network)
• Tox
• TSP, Time Stamp Protocol
• VTP, Virtual Terminal Protocol
• Whois (and RWhois), Remote Directory Access Protocol
• WebDAV
• X.400, Message Handling Service Protocol
• X.500, Directory Access Protocol (DAP)
• XMPP, Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol
• Z39.50
• DNS, Domain Name Services

0.2.2. 传输层

• ATP, AppleTalk Transaction Protocol
• CUDP, Cyclic UDP
• DCCP, Datagram Congestion Control Protocol
• FCP, Fibre Channel Protocol
• IL, IL Protocol
• MPTCP, Multipath TCP
• RDP, Reliable Data Protocol
• RUDP, Reliable User Datagram Protocol
• SCTP, Stream Control Transmission Protocol
• SPX, Sequenced Packet Exchange
• SST, Structured Stream Transport
• TCP, Transmission Control Protocol
• UDP, User Datagram Protocol
• UDP-Lite
• µTP, Micro Transport Protocol
• RSVP

0.2.3. 网络层

• Anti-replay
• Gateway-to-Gateway Protocol
• Internet Control Message Protocol
• Internet Control Message Protocol for IPv6
• Internet Group Management Protocol
• Internet Group Management Protocol with Access Control
• Internet Protocol
• IPv4
• IPv6
• Locator/Identifier Separation Protocol
• Seamoby
• SwIPe (protocol)
• ECN
• IPsec

0.2.4. 链路层

• Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
• Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP)
• Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP) as ARP for IPv6
• IS-IS (RFC 1142) is another link-state routing protocol
• Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
• Tunnels（L2TP）
• PPP
• MAC （Ethernet Wi-Fi DSL ISDN FDDI）